Only Connect: Twisted Pair cabling Industry Comment Electro Ramblings
2013/07/22
Back in 1881 when Alexander Graham Bell invented twisted pair cables he could never have imagined they would still be in use today and that we owe so much of our high speed IT cables to his invention.
A short history lesson: After the invention of the telephone, the rapid use of electricity started to create new problems. People started to notice that where telephone lines ran next to electric tram lines the quality of the signal dropped markedly.
The problem was caused by electrical interference, called noise, which effectively reduced signal quality and length range of cables. Alexander Graham Bell solved this problem by creating twisted pair cables. A simple yet effective solution to the problem and one that led to the balanced circuits.
The benefit of twisted par cables is the extended length they can run and the quality of signal they can produce, bringing us right up to date with Twisted Pair cabling used in IT cables (and many others).
Another development was the invention of shielding of cables, which both reduces noise and interference. There are, however, a few types of shielding. So if you are unsure of the difference between FTP and SSTP then the following table explains everything you need to know:
Comparison of abbreviations, according to ISO/IEC 11801:
Old name | New name | cable screening | pair shielding |
| UTP | U/UTP | none | none |
| STP | U/FTP | none | foil |
| FTP | F/UTP | foil | none |
| S-STP | S/FTP | braiding | foil |
| S-FTP | SF/UTP | foil, braiding | none |
| SFTP | Foil | Shield |
Knowing the difference between the types of shielded twisted pair cables does not mean that you will be able to know what cable is best for the application you have. There will still be some help needed from an expert, to guide you through the choices available. This is where your cable assembly expert comes in!
I hope this has been useful and you now know the type of twisted pair cables available. All you need to do is too decide what level of shielding protection you need!
(Image: RS Components, 2 Pair RS-485 (HART) data cable, 304m)
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